The influence of anthropometric factors, obstetrical and gynaecological history on the risk of implantation failure after in vitro fertilization

Abstract

Infertility is a significant demographic and socio-economic problem, which is solved with assisted reproductive technologies. Relevance of the infertility problem continues to grow, which leads to the search for new methods to improve the success of assisted reproductive technologies.

Purpose — to analyze the effect of anthropometric factors, obstetrical and gynaecological history on the risk of implantation failure in women with infertility who have fertilization in vitro.

Materials and methods. An analysis of 106 infertile women who were treated with assisted reproductive technologies in September 2019 — February 2021. The control group consisted of women who received infertility treatment according to the standard treatment regimens: controlled ovarian stimulation, gamete sampling, intracytoplasmic sperm injection and embryo transfer. The study group included patients who received antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants and intravenous immunoglobulins G in addition to the standard therapy.

Results. In this study, no differences were found in the two study groups regarding age, height, weight, body mass index, menarche, menstrual duration, coitus (p>0.05). During the analysis, it was found that with increasing age of a woman, the risk of unsuccessful implantation increases, OR=1.11 (95% CI 1.01–1.21) for each year, with increasing patient height, the risk decreases (p=0.006), OR=0.85 (95% CI 0.76–0.96) for each centimetre, with an increase in the number of sexual intercourses per week (p=0.012), OR=1.71 (95% CI 1.12–2.60) the risk increases by each unit. Implantation success with using modified treatment regimens with additional aspirin, low molecular weight heparins, intravenous immunoglobulins G, was higher (p=0.049), OR=0.37 (95% CI 0.14–0.99) compared to the standard infertility treatment scheme.

Conclusions. This study found unfavourable effects of age, woman's height, and sexual intercourses on embryo implantation. Additional use of aspirin, low molecular weight heparin, intravenous immunoglobulin G as a supplemental therapy to standard treatment regimens of infertility with IVF had a successful impact on the effectiveness of embryo implantation.

The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies.

No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.