The course of pregnancy and childbirth in women with preeclampsia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15574/HW.2023.164.39Keywords:
women, pregnancy, major obstetric syndromes, preeclampsia, pregnancy complications, obstetric complicationsAbstract
Purpose - to determine the features of pregnancy and childbirth in women who had complications from the group of major obstetric syndromes (MOS), which were clinically manifested by pre-eclampsia.
Materials and methods. A retrospective clinical and statistical analysis of the course of pregnancy and childbirth in 103 pregnant women with pre-eclampsia (main group - MG) was performed. The control group (CG) included 56 practically healthy pregnant women with a favorable reproductive history and uncomplicated pregnancy. Statistical processing of the study results was performed using standard software Microsoft Excel 5.0 and Statistica 6.0.
Results. Moderate pre-eclampsia prevailed in pregnant women of MG - 71 (69.6%) cases versus 2 (3.5%) cases in CG (p<0.05). Severe pre-eclampsia was observed in almost every third pregnant woman of MG - 31 (30.4%) cases. One of the main complications of the third trimester of gestation, as well as in the first and second trimesters, was gestational anemia - 38 (37.2%) cases in MG versus 14 (25.0%) cases in CG (p<0.05). Placental insufficiency was significantly more common in pregnant women of MG - 33 (32.1%) cases versus 2 (3.5%) cases in CG (p<0.05); which led to the development of fetal growth retardation syndrome in 10 (9.7%) cases in MG. The threat of preterm birth was noted in 16 (15.6%) cases in MG versus 4 (7.1%) cases in CG (p<0.05), preterm birth was noted - in 12 (11.7%) cases, and the incidence of cesarean section was 32 (31.1%) cases versus 5 (8.9%) cases (p<0.05).
Conclusions. The features of the course of pregnancy and childbirth in women with MOS, which is clinically manifested by the development of pre-eclampsia, are characterized by a significantly high frequency of threatened abortion, gestational anemia, bacterial vaginosis, placental insufficiency, fetal growth retardation syndrome, premature rupture of membranes, premature birth, premature detachment of a normally located placenta, fetal distress and, as a result of these complications, an increase in the incidence of caesarean section to 31.1%.
The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the institution mentioned in the paper. Informed consent of women was obtained for the study.
No conflict of interest was declared by the author.
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