Uterine leiomyomas of FIGO types 0, 1, and 2 in women of reproductive age: an analysis of clinical and fertility indicators
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15574/HW.2026.1(182).4449Keywords:
uterine fibroids, reproductive function, womenAbstract
Uterine fibroids are one of the most common pathologies among women of reproductive age, which can affect fertility and the course of pregnancy and childbirth.
Aim - to investigate the prevalence and clinical-anamnestic characteristics of FIGO types 0-2 fibroids and to evaluate their impact on the fertility of women of reproductive age in order to rationalize surgical treatment of this pathology in patients with reproductive plans.
Materials and methods. A cohort study was conducted involving 3,455 women of reproductive age (20-45 years) who received primary outpatient consultation during 2020. The retrospective part of the study analyzed the prevalence of FIGO types 0-2 submucosal uterine fibroids; the prospective part analyzed reproductive outcomes in women diagnosed with uterine leiomyoma of FIGO types 0, 1, and 2. Statistical data processing was performed using the SPSS 21 programme.
Results. The prevalence of uterine leiomyomas among women of reproductive age was 41.8%, with FIGO types 0, 1, and 2 accounting for 8.4% of cases. In 95% of cases, uterine leiomyomas in women of reproductive age were symptomatic, presenting with heavy, prolonged, or frequent menstruation (69.4%), intermenstrual uterine bleeding (44.6%), pelvic pain (28.9%), anemia (15.7%), and infertility (11.6%). A significantly higher incidence of infertility and early spontaneous miscarriage (before 12 weeks of gestation) was observed in women with FIGO types 0, 1, and 2 leiomyomas compared to women without uterine leiomyomas.
Conclusions. The findings of the present study indicate that FIGO types 0, 1, and 2 uterine leiomyomas have a significant impact on women’s reproductive health, particularly on the incidence of infertility and pregnancy outcomes.
The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of participating institution. Informed consent was obtained from patients for examination and treatment.
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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